SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (10, 11)

Query time 0.00015

Explain
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE cscart_product_variation_group_products index idx_group_id PRIMARY 6 35 Using where; Using index

Result

product_id
149
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
286
287
288